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Paul-César Helleu
// lines and colors
Though he painted landscapes and still life, and worked in oil, French artist Paul-César Helleu was known primarily for his beautiful portraits of turn of the century society women, done primarily in pastel, chalk and drypoint etching.
Helleu entered the prestigious École des Beaux-Arts at an early age, studying in the academic tradition under Jean-Léon Gérôme. He also came into contact artists like Monet, Whistler, and in particular, John Singer Sargent, with whom he would have a life-long friendship.
He also befriended and learned from society painter Giovanni Boldini, but it was an encounter with James Jacques Tissot, who he met through Whistler, that sparked his enthusiasm for drypoint etching. Helleu went on to create numerous drypoint prints (images above, bottom three). These are not as well represented in current online collections of his work as his pastels and chalk drawings, but there is a nice selection of them on the site of the Brooklyn Museum.
I particularly enjoy the way Helleu combines linear elements and hatching-like textures with more painterly passages in his pastels, and the loose freedom of much of the line work in his chalk drawings.
Among his other accomplishments, Helleu designed the Zodiac ceiling mural in New York's Grand Central Station.
There is a website devoted to the artist: Les Amis de Pau-César Helleu, established by his daughter.
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